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1.
Salud colect ; 13(3): 507-520, jul.-sep. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-903697

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Chile se ha ido convirtiendo en un país de destino para las migraciones sudamericanas, las cuales generan un impacto en los servicios públicos, en particular en salud, a nivel económico, social y cultural. El objetivo de este artículo es aportar información documentada sobre los problemas de acceso a la salud de los inmigrantes indocumentados. Trabajamos desde una metodología cualitativa, basada principalmente en una etnografía del espacio clínico. Para el análisis de los resultados nos hemos basado en las teorías de las relaciones asimétricas de poder, así como en las de las relaciones interétnicas. En los resultados de la investigación, se destaca el incumplimiento de la normativa y el ejercicio del criterio personal discrecional como barreras en el acceso. Concluimos que, en Chile, los inmigrantes en general e indocumentados, en particular, son considerados pacientes ilegítimos.


ABSTRACT In recent decades, Chile has become a destination for immigrants from other South American countries, which has significantly impacted public services - particularly the public health system - at the economic, social, and cultural levels. The aim of this paper is to provide substantiated information on issues concerning undocumented immigrants' access to health care in Chile. A qualitative methodology, fundamentally an ethnography of the clinical setting, was used. Results were then analyzed in relation to theories of power asymmetries and interethnic relations. The research results highlight the lack of compliance with existing regulations and the exercise of discretionary personal judgment as barriers to access. It is concluded that in Chile immigrants in general, and undocumented immigrants in particular, are considered to be illegitimate patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Healthcare Disparities/ethnology , Healthcare Disparities/legislation & jurisprudence , Healthcare Disparities/ethics , Undocumented Immigrants , Health Services Accessibility/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Services Accessibility/ethics , Socioeconomic Factors , Attitude of Health Personnel , Chile , Patient Rights , Qualitative Research , Social Discrimination/ethnology , Social Discrimination/legislation & jurisprudence , Social Discrimination/ethics , Anthropology, Cultural
2.
Salud colect ; 8(2): 131-149, mayo-ago. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-659950

ABSTRACT

El derecho a la salud ha sido fuertemente reconocido por los tribunales argentinos, pero lo cierto es que solo goza de dicho derecho quien tiene posibilidad de acceder a la justicia. Por lo tanto, los grupos tradicionalmente excluidos, que por diferentes motivos no pueden hacer oír sus reclamos en sede judicial, no se benefician con el reconocimiento logrado hasta ahora en las diferentes resoluciones judiciales. Teniendo en cuenta estas prácticas desigualitarias institucionalizadas se plantea aquí un modelo que implica entender el derecho a la salud como verdadero derecho. Para esto se realiza una distinción entre el derecho a la salud como regla (en lo que se refiere al contenido mínimo o esencial de dicho derecho) y el derecho a la salud como principio (respecto del contenido periférico), demostrándose así cómo el derecho a la salud considerado como regla y como principio podría llegar a otorgar mayor igualdad en el reconocimiento de este derecho respecto de los grupos desaventajados, que carecen de acceso a la justicia.


The right to health has been widely recognized in the Argentine courts, however only those who have the ability to access the justice system are able to fully enjoy that right. Therefore traditionally excluded groups, who for different reasons have not been able to make their demands heard in a judicial court, do not benefit from the recognition gained up to this point in the different judicial resolutions. Taking into account these institutionalized unequal practices, this article suggests a model for understanding the right to health truly as a right. A distinction is made between the right to health as a rule (understood as the minimum or essential core of that right) and the right to health as a principle (understood as the periphery of the right). In this way, it is shown how considering the right to health as both a rule and as a principle could offer greater equality in recognition of that right for disadvantaged groups that lack access to the justice system.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Services Accessibility/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Status Disparities , Healthcare Disparities/legislation & jurisprudence , Human Rights/legislation & jurisprudence , Argentina , Social Justice , Socioeconomic Factors , Vulnerable Populations
4.
Rev. salud pública ; 14(2): 340-349, 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-659923

ABSTRACT

A busca da garantia do direito à saúde e pelo acesso a medicamentos por intermédio do Poder Judiciário tem sido crescente no Brasil, fenômeno denominado de judicialização da saúde, que tem provocado debates entre operadores do direito, políticos, profissionais e gestores de saúde. Por ser um fenômeno multidimensional, realizou-se uma revisão para discutir os aspectos legais e sanitários que suportam as ações judiciais que demandaram por medicamentos. A saúde é reconhecida como um direito humano fundamental na Constituição Federal Brasileira de 1988 outorgando-lhe uma proteção jurídica diferenciada no âmbito da ordem jurídico-constitucional pátria e as garantias ao direito a saúde não estão apenas na Constituição e na lei stricto sensu, mas, principalmente, em um arco normativo infralegal em que se definem as metas e os resultados a serem alcançados pela política pública. As demandas judiciais por medicamentos pode ser um reflexo da dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde, aos vazios e desatualização das ações assistenciais. Para concluir, tal contexto acaba por influir na judicialização da assistência farmacêutica no Brasil.


The search for having access to health care and medicines right granted through Judicial Courts has increased in Brazil. What has been nominated “health judicialization” is a multidimensional phenomenon, a need for dealing with it in a multidisciplinary way involving legal-judicial, political-institutional and sanitary approaches has raised. The Health is recognized as a fundamental human right in the Brazilian Constitution giving it a different legal protection under the legal-constitutional order and the country guarantees the right to health are not only the Constitution and the law strictly, but mainly in an normative infralegal arc that define the goals and outcomes to be achieved by public policy. The lawsuits by drugs may be a reflection of the difficulty of access to health services, to empty and downgrading of health care. Therefore, this turns out to affect the judicialization of pharmaceutical care in Brazil.


En Brasil ha sido creciente el uso del poder judicial como un medio de garantía del derecho a la salud y el acceso a los medicamentos, fenómeno denominado judicialización de la salud. Esto ha provocado debates entre abogados, políticos, profesionales y gestores de salud. Por tratarse de un fenómeno multidimensional se realizó un revisión para examinar los aspectos legales y sanitarios que soportan las acciones judiciales en las demandas por medicamentos. La salud es reconocida como un derecho humano fundamental en la Constitución Federal Brasilera de 1988 y otorga protección no sólo en el ámbito jurídico constitucional y en las leyes sino también en las políticas públicas, sus metas y productos. Las demandas judiciales por medicamentos pueden reflejar las dificultades en el acceso a los servicios de salud y los vacíos y desactualización de las acciones asistenciales. Para concluir, este contexto influye en la judicialización de la asistencia farmacéutica en Brasil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Services Accessibility/legislation & jurisprudence , Healthcare Disparities/legislation & jurisprudence , Patient Rights/legislation & jurisprudence , Pharmaceutical Services/legislation & jurisprudence , Brazil
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